Definition
is used for describing a past action's effect on the present: he has arrived. Now he is here.This hold true for events that have just been secluded as well as for events that have not yet occured.The Pattern:
(+) S + have/has + Verb II + Complement
(-) S + have/has + not + Verb II + Complement
(?) Have/has + S + Verb II + Complement
Example:
(+) She has arrived
(-) She has not arrived
(?) Has she arrived?
(+) S + have/has + Verb II + Complement
(-) S + have/has + not + Verb II + Complement
(?) Have/has + S + Verb II + Complement
Example:
(+) She has arrived
(-) She has not arrived
(?) Has she arrived?
Past Perfect Tense
Definition
is a kind of tense that is used to describe an action or an event that started in a certain time in the past and completed or finished till certain time in the past too; or past perfect tense is used to express an action or an event that had happened before the other event or action happened.
Example:
• (+) We had eaten before they came.
• (-) They had not eaten before we came.
• (?) Had they eaten before we came?
The pattern :
• (+) Subject + had+verb III+(complement)
• (-) Subject + had not+verb III+(complement)
• (?)Had + subject +verb III+(complement)
Future perfect tense
Example:
• (+) We had eaten before they came.
• (-) They had not eaten before we came.
• (?) Had they eaten before we came?
The pattern :
• (+) Subject + had+verb III+(complement)
• (-) Subject + had not+verb III+(complement)
• (?)Had + subject +verb III+(complement)
Future perfect tense
Definition
is used to describe an event that has not yet happened but is expected or planned to happen before another stated occurrence.
The structure/pattern of future perfect tense:
Example:
(+)Subject+ will+ have+ v3+ (complement)
I will have finished by 11 a.m.
(-)Subject+ will+ not+ have+ v3+ (complement).
He will not have gone to school.
(?)Will+ subject+ have+ v3+ (complement)+ ?
Will you have arrived ?
The structure/pattern of future perfect tense:
Example:
(+)Subject+ will+ have+ v3+ (complement)
I will have finished by 11 a.m.
(-)Subject+ will+ not+ have+ v3+ (complement).
He will not have gone to school.
(?)Will+ subject+ have+ v3+ (complement)+ ?
Will you have arrived ?
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