A word group with a noun or pronoun as its head. The noun head can be accompanied by modifiers, determiners (such as the, a, her), and/or complements.
A noun phrase (often abbreviated as NP) most commonly functions as a subject, object, or complement.
Most forms of controlled English suggest revising noun phrases that are more than three words long. However, even a two- or three-word noun phrase can be unclear or ambiguous.
A noun phrase (often abbreviated as NP) most commonly functions as a subject, object, or complement.
Most forms of controlled English suggest revising noun phrases that are more than three words long. However, even a two- or three-word noun phrase can be unclear or ambiguous.
Component
In English grammar, a noun phrase has three components: - The head, is the hub, the center of attraction (as it were) of the noun phrase; it is the noun or pronoun around which the other parts gather together. The head determines concord with the portion of the sentence outside the noun phrase. Thus:
- The change in the Asian economies is unprecedented.
- The changes in Japan's economy are most unexpected.
- Pre-modification consists of all the words placed before the head. These words are usually determiners, adjectives and nouns.
- Postmodification comprises words in the noun phrase that follow the head. These words usually consist of prepositional phrases, nonfinite clauses, and relative clauses
Form
Noun phrases normally consist of a head noun, which is optionally modified ("premodified" if the modifier appears before the noun; "postmodified" if the modifier follows the noun). Possible modifiers include: - determiners: articles (the, a), demonstratives (this, that), numerals (two, five, etc.), possessives (my, their, etc.), and quantifiers (some,many, etc.). In English, determiners are usually placed before the noun;
- adjectives (the red ball); or
- complements, in the form of a prepositional phrase (such as: the student of physics), or a That-clause (the claim that the earth is round);
- modifiers; pre-modifiers if before the noun and usually either as nouns (the university student) or adjectives (the beautiful lady), or post-modifiers if after the noun. A postmodifier may be either a prepositional phrase (the man with long hair) or a relative clause (the housewhere I live). The difference between modifiers and complements is that complements complete the meaning of the noun; complements are necessary, whereas modifiers are optional because they add information about the noun.
- Noun + Noun, example : Office boy
- Verb + Noun, example : Take a bath
- Gerund + Noun, example : Throwing ball
- Pronoun + Noun, example : My book
- Adjective + Noun, example : Black board
- Determiner + Noun, example : A pen
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